INFLUENCE OF THE MODERN ENVIRONMENT ON NORMAL ESCHERICHIA COLI (E. COLI) BACTERIA

Abstract

The ecological dynamics of Escherichia coli (E. coli) within contemporary ecosystems are progressively
influenced by multifaceted environmental determinants, necessitating a thorough comprehension of their adaptive
behaviors, survival strategies, and ecological interactions. This investigation seeks to assess the effects of modern
environmental drivers’ urbanization, antibiotic application, agricultural practices, climate change, and industrial food
production on the persistence and transformation of normal E. coli populations, and to appraise their related public
health ramifications across varied ecosystems. Methodologically, it integrates current scientific literature,
epidemiological evidence, and environmental monitoring datasets to evaluate E. coli prevalence and adaptive
mechanisms. Results demonstrate that urban environments sustain elevated microbial diversity, enabling E. coli
dissemination, while the excessive and improper use of antibiotics accelerates the emergence and spread of
antimicrobial resistance. Agricultural systems function as critical reservoirs, with soil and water contamination
posing immediate risks to human health and ecological stability. Climate change intensifies these concerns by
modifying E. coli habitats and altering transmission dynamics. Moreover, contamination within food production
networks constitutes major safety risks, reinforcing the demand for stringent monitoring and control protocols. This
study advances comprehension of the nexus between environmental stressors and E. coli ecology, offering essential
insights into microbial adaptability in the Anthropocene. Its practical relevance resides in guiding integrated
management strategies to mitigate environmental hazards, strengthen public health safeguards, and promote the
sustainable coexistence of human activities with microbial ecosystems. These outcomes establish a basis for